Correct operation of refrigerated vehicle

Only the correct use and operation of refrigerated trucks can ensure the good transportation and preservation of goods. Because the refrigerator car is specially used for temperature sensitive products, so the temperature guarantee is the key to the refrigerator car. If used or operated improperly, the goods will not be preserved or transported in good condition.

Preventive maintenance of refrigerated vehicle

In our normal use process, the maintenance of vehicles and refrigerators is inseparable. Only when the equipment is properly maintained on time can the normal use of the equipment be ensured and the service life of the equipment be prolonged. Usually, the chassis engine is maintained according to the mileage, while the refrigeration unit is maintained according to the working hours of the engine. The usual refrigeration unit is 500 ~ 700 hours for a maintenance, need to change the oil filter, fuel filter, air filter; And pay attention to check the belt tightness, refrigeration system leakage, etc; In order to meet the needs of environmental protection, minimize the damage to the environment and reduce the emission of harmful substances, some brand refrigeration units (such as lengwang) use synthetic oil or semi synthetic oil instead of ordinary oil, thus extending the maintenance time of the engine, which is usually maintained every 2000 hours. Therefore, the waste oil emission is reduced. In addition, scientific experiments have proved that the use of this high-end oil can not only reduce the wear of the engine, but also reduce the fuel consumption of the engine.

How to maintain the refrigerator car?

As a special vehicle, refrigerated vehicles should pay attention to some matters before driving, so as to avoid unnecessary troubles during driving. It is suggested to carry out the following inspection before loading goods each time

1. The fuel, diesel or gasoline supply of the refrigerator car must be sufficient to ensure that the engine runs at least to the next checkpoint.

2. The engine oil level of the refrigerator car should be at the (full) mark. Do not overfill.

3. Refrigerated vehicle coolant check the coolant level gauge to see if the coolant volume is correct, and the pointer should be in the white range. If the coolant level is in the red range, add coolant to the coolant tank. Generally, the coolant is a mixture of glycol and water (with different proportions according to the actual situation of the place where the product is used), and it should be protected from freezing at - 34 ℃. Note: do not open the cover of the coolant tank when the coolant is hot.

4. The battery terminal of refrigerator car must be firm and free from corrosion. The electrolyte should be at the full mark.

5. The belt must be in good condition and adjusted to the proper tightness. The sag is 13mm in the center of the span between the pulleys.

6. Electrical check all electrical connectors in the electrical control circuit to ensure that they are firmly fixed. Wires and terminals shall be free from corrosion, burning, cracking or moisture.

7. Visually inspect the unit for leakage, loose or broken parts and other damages.

8. The installation gasket of the gasket unit shall be firmly pressed and in good condition.

9. Refrigerator car coil condenser and evaporator coil should be clean without dirt.

10. Defrost and drain device check the defrost and drain hose and connector to ensure they are unblocked.

11. When loading the cargo compartment, the cargo shall not block the evaporator air outlet and return air outlet, and keep the cool air circulation in the cargo compartment smooth, so as to ensure that there is no hot spot in the compartment

Therefore, scientific maintenance can not only ensure the integrity of equipment, but also reduce operating costs.

Suitable packaging for refrigerated vehicles

For frozen goods, non ventilated packing boxes are used, and for fresh goods, side wall ventilated packing boxes are used. The packing box must be pressure resistant.

It is not allowed for wind to blow through the surface of frozen goods, because the wind will cause the loss of moisture in the goods, resulting in the decline of the quality of goods. This year, China's formulation of "no sale of bulk frozen food", must have packaging sales is the reason. Because of its own characteristics, fresh goods are still in a breathing state in the process of storage and transportation. If not well ventilated, the goods will be deteriorated and damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that such goods have good ventilation and ventilation (install ventilation slot in the car).

Refrigerator car set temperature

Set the temperature controller at the required temperature and pre cool the car for 1.5 hours to remove the heat remaining in the car; When loading, shut down the refrigeration unit and load quickly.

When loading, the carriage must be pre cooled or pre heated. Because the vehicle is parked in the open air, the temperature of the compartment is usually the temperature of the external environment. If the temperature of the transported goods is not the ambient temperature, when the goods are loaded into the carriage, the ambient temperature will affect the temperature of the transported goods, resulting in changes in the quality of the transported goods. Therefore, the carriage must be pre cooled to the required temperature before loading. However, the refrigeration unit must be shut down during loading (as in unloading). Many people do not turn off the refrigeration unit when loading and unloading goods. In fact, this is a very wrong operation.

The reason is: when we pre cool the car, if we don't turn off the car and open the door of the car, because the fan of the evaporator of the refrigeration unit is working, the front of the fan is positive pressure, and the back of the fan is negative pressure, so the cold air blows out from the upper part of the car, and the lower part will quickly draw in the hot air outside, resulting in the rapid rise of the temperature in the car; If the goods are loaded and unloaded after shutdown, because the fan is in a stop state, the air flow stops, and the air pressure inside and outside the carriage is the same, so the speed of external hot air transfer into the carriage is relatively slow.

Pre cooling and heat preservation of refrigerated vehicle

The goods must be pre cooled to the required temperature, and the temperature of the goods shall be checked when loading; The refrigeration unit is used to maintain the temperature of the goods, not to reduce the temperature of the goods.

Many users of refrigerated vehicles have a wrong concept that the refrigeration unit on the refrigerated vehicle can freeze or heat the goods in the compartment to the required temperature at will. Therefore, load the goods that are not up to the required transportation temperature into the compartment, set the refrigeration unit to the required transportation temperature, and reduce or increase the temperature of the goods to the required temperature within a certain period of time. However, on the contrary, not only can the temperature of the goods not fall (or rise), but also the goods will be damaged or deteriorated. Because the refrigeration unit of the refrigerator car does not reduce the temperature of the goods, but maintains the temperature of the goods. It is like the quilt we used to sell cold drinks to wrap the goods. When the external cold (heat) source is radiated, conducted and convected into the compartment, it is taken away by the cold air blown out by the refrigeration unit to isolate the heat source and enter the goods.

Therefore, the temperature of the loaded goods must be measured before loading. If the set point temperature of the refrigeration unit is higher or lower than the cargo temperature, it is difficult for the cargo temperature in the compartment to reach the temperature required for transportation. The storage temperature of the goods must be consistent with the transportation temperature. If the temperature of the goods changes frequently, the moisture will be lost, which will lead to changes in the quality of the goods and shorten the shelf life of the goods.

Refrigerated truck to prevent obstruction

Even if the unit capacity exceeds the actual demand, insufficient air circulation will be the main cause of deterioration; Any blockage around the goods can lead to "hot spots".

A qualified refrigerator car must ensure good ventilation on six sides of the car and no obstruction on six sides of the goods; Good air circulation can ensure that the goods are transported at the right temperature. The cold (hot) gas blown out by the refrigeration unit insulates the cold (hot) source entering the compartment from the cargo, thus protecting the cargo. If a certain position is blocked, the cold (hot) source of this part will directly enter the goods, resulting in a change in the temperature of the goods. Ensure that the air return shutter is in good condition; Do not block the inlet of evaporator (return air); Insufficient return air will result in irregular circulation of cold air and freezing of top cargo.

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